{
 "name": "47 BH report card of India 2026: baseline",
 "url": "https://47bh.org/report-card/2026/",
 "publisher": "47 BH",
 "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/",
 "date_published": "2026-10-20",
 "date_modified": "2026-10-20",
 "citation": "47 BH (2026). Report card of India 2026: the 47 BH baseline. https://47bh.org/report-card/2026/ (published 20 October 2026, licensed CC BY 4.0).",
 "notes": "Each row repeats a figure cited on its sub-pillar page; follow source_url for the citation. Direction is judged only from the two figures in the row. baseline_only means no comparable earlier figure, or that more is not clearly better or worse. No grades are given until targets for 2047 are published.",
 "direction_values": [
  "improving",
  "worsening",
  "flat",
  "baseline_only"
 ],
 "indicator_count": 202,
 "indicators": [
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Early childhood and foundational learning",
   "indicator": "Class 3 children in rural India who can read a Class 2 text (ASER)",
   "latest_value": "23.4%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "20.9%",
   "earlier_period": "2018",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/early-childhood-and-foundational-learning/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Early childhood and foundational learning",
   "indicator": "Class 3 children in rural India who can do subtraction (ASER)",
   "latest_value": "33.7%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "28.2%",
   "earlier_period": "2018",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/early-childhood-and-foundational-learning/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Early childhood and foundational learning",
   "indicator": "Children under five who are stunted (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "29.3%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "35.5%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/early-childhood-and-foundational-learning/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Early childhood and foundational learning",
   "indicator": "Three-year-olds in rural India in pre-primary education (ASER)",
   "latest_value": "77.4%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "68.1%",
   "earlier_period": "2018",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/early-childhood-and-foundational-learning/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.2",
   "sub_pillar": "School quality",
   "indicator": "Grade 3 students proficient in language (PARAKH survey)",
   "latest_value": "57%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "39%",
   "earlier_period": "2021",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/school-quality/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.2",
   "sub_pillar": "School quality",
   "indicator": "Grade 3 students proficient in mathematics (PARAKH survey)",
   "latest_value": "65%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "42%",
   "earlier_period": "2021",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/school-quality/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.2",
   "sub_pillar": "School quality",
   "indicator": "Retention rate to the end of secondary school (UDISE+)",
   "latest_value": "47.2%",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "45.6%",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/school-quality/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.2",
   "sub_pillar": "School quality",
   "indicator": "Dropout rate at the secondary level (UDISE+)",
   "latest_value": "8.2%",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "10.9%",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/school-quality/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.2",
   "sub_pillar": "School quality",
   "indicator": "Single-teacher schools (UDISE+)",
   "latest_value": "1,04,125",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "1,10,971",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/school-quality/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Higher education and research",
   "indicator": "Gross enrolment ratio in higher education (AISHE)",
   "latest_value": "30%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "23.7%",
   "earlier_period": "2014-15",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/higher-education-and-research/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Higher education and research",
   "indicator": "PhD enrolment (AISHE)",
   "latest_value": "3.43 lakh",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "1.17 lakh",
   "earlier_period": "2014-15",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/higher-education-and-research/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Higher education and research",
   "indicator": "Gross expenditure on R&D as a share of GDP (DST)",
   "latest_value": "0.64%",
   "latest_period": "2020-21",
   "earlier_value": "Falling since 2009-10",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/higher-education-and-research/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Higher education and research",
   "indicator": "Indian institutions in the QS World University Rankings",
   "latest_value": "54",
   "latest_period": "2026 edition",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/higher-education-and-research/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Skills and lifelong learning",
   "indicator": "People aged 15-59 with formal vocational or technical training (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "4.2%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/skills-and-lifelong-learning/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Skills and lifelong learning",
   "indicator": "Young people aged 15-29 not in employment, education or training (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "25.0%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/skills-and-lifelong-learning/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Skills and lifelong learning",
   "indicator": "Youth unemployment rate, ages 15-29 (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "9.9%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "10.3%",
   "earlier_period": "2024",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/skills-and-lifelong-learning/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 1,
   "pillar": "Learning",
   "sub_pillar_code": "1.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Skills and lifelong learning",
   "indicator": "Labour force participation rate, ages 15 and above (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "59.3%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/learning/skills-and-lifelong-learning/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Mothers and children",
   "indicator": "Maternal mortality ratio, per lakh live births (SRS)",
   "latest_value": "88",
   "latest_period": "2021-23",
   "earlier_value": "130",
   "earlier_period": "2014-16",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mothers-and-children/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Mothers and children",
   "indicator": "Infant mortality rate, per 1,000 live births (SRS)",
   "latest_value": "24",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "39",
   "earlier_period": "2014",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mothers-and-children/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Mothers and children",
   "indicator": "Children aged 12-23 months fully immunised (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "87.1%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "83.8%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mothers-and-children/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Mothers and children",
   "indicator": "Children under five who are stunted (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "29.3%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "35.5%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mothers-and-children/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Mothers and children",
   "indicator": "Children under five who are underweight (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "31.8%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "32.1%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "flat",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mothers-and-children/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Prevention and public health",
   "indicator": "Rural households with a tap water connection (Jal Jeevan Mission)",
   "latest_value": "82.1%",
   "latest_period": "July 2026",
   "earlier_value": "16.7%",
   "earlier_period": "Aug 2019",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/prevention-and-public-health/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Prevention and public health",
   "indicator": "Adults with diabetes (ICMR-INDIAB)",
   "latest_value": "11.4%",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/prevention-and-public-health/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Prevention and public health",
   "indicator": "Adults with hypertension (ICMR-INDIAB)",
   "latest_value": "35.5%",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/prevention-and-public-health/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Prevention and public health",
   "indicator": "Global Health Security Index score, out of 100 (independent index)",
   "latest_value": "42.8",
   "latest_period": "2021",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/prevention-and-public-health/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Access and affordability",
   "indicator": "Out-of-pocket share of total health spending (National Health Accounts)",
   "latest_value": "43.4%",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "39.4%",
   "earlier_period": "2021-22",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/access-and-affordability/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Access and affordability",
   "indicator": "Government health expenditure as a share of GDP (National Health Accounts)",
   "latest_value": "1.43%",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "1.84%",
   "earlier_period": "2021-22",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/access-and-affordability/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Access and affordability",
   "indicator": "Specialist shortfall at rural community health centres (Health Dynamics of India)",
   "latest_value": "79.9%",
   "latest_period": "March 2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/access-and-affordability/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Access and affordability",
   "indicator": "Households with health insurance or financing cover (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "60.2%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "41.0%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/access-and-affordability/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Mental health and addiction",
   "indicator": "Deaths by suicide (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "1,71,418",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "1,70,924",
   "earlier_period": "2022",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mental-health-and-addiction/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Mental health and addiction",
   "indicator": "Student suicides (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "13,892",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "13,044",
   "earlier_period": "2022",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mental-health-and-addiction/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Mental health and addiction",
   "indicator": "Treatment gap for mental disorders (National Mental Health Survey)",
   "latest_value": "70-92%",
   "latest_period": "2015-16",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mental-health-and-addiction/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Mental health and addiction",
   "indicator": "People aged 10-75 who use alcohol (national substance use survey)",
   "latest_value": "16 crore, 14.6%",
   "latest_period": "2019",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/mental-health-and-addiction/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Healthy ageing",
   "indicator": "Share of population aged 60 or over (SRS)",
   "latest_value": "9.7%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/healthy-ageing/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Healthy ageing",
   "indicator": "Elderly with a disability (LASI Wave 1)",
   "latest_value": "40%",
   "latest_period": "2017-18 fieldwork",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/healthy-ageing/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Healthy ageing",
   "indicator": "Elderly with a mental health concern (LASI Wave 1)",
   "latest_value": "20%",
   "latest_period": "2017-18 fieldwork",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/healthy-ageing/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 2,
   "pillar": "Health",
   "sub_pillar_code": "2.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Healthy ageing",
   "indicator": "People needing palliative care who receive it (peer-reviewed estimate)",
   "latest_value": "Under 4%",
   "latest_period": "2022",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/health/healthy-ageing/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Rule of law",
   "indicator": "Rank in the World Justice Project Rule of Law Index (independent index)",
   "latest_value": "86th of 143",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "Score down 1.7% on the year",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/rule-of-law/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Rule of law",
   "indicator": "Cases pending in Indian courts (National Judicial Data Grid)",
   "latest_value": "5.64 crore",
   "latest_period": "mid-2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/rule-of-law/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Rule of law",
   "indicator": "Judges per million people (India Justice Report, independent)",
   "latest_value": "About 15",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/rule-of-law/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Rule of law",
   "indicator": "Villages with computerised records of rights (Department of Land Resources)",
   "latest_value": "97.3%",
   "latest_period": "end-2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/rule-of-law/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Safety and justice",
   "indicator": "Deaths in road accidents (Ministry of Road Transport and Highways)",
   "latest_value": "1,72,890",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/safety-and-justice/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Safety and justice",
   "indicator": "Cognisable crimes registered per lakh people (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "418.9",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "448.3",
   "earlier_period": "2023",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/safety-and-justice/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Safety and justice",
   "indicator": "Prisoners who are undertrials (NCRB Prison Statistics)",
   "latest_value": "73.5%",
   "latest_period": "end-2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/safety-and-justice/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Safety and justice",
   "indicator": "Police personnel per lakh people (BPR&D via India Justice Report)",
   "latest_value": "120",
   "latest_period": "2025 report",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/safety-and-justice/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.3",
   "sub_pillar": "National and cyber security",
   "indicator": "Incidents of Left Wing Extremist violence (Ministry of Home Affairs)",
   "latest_value": "234",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "375",
   "earlier_period": "2024",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/national-and-cyber-security/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.3",
   "sub_pillar": "National and cyber security",
   "indicator": "Deaths in Left Wing Extremist violence (Ministry of Home Affairs)",
   "latest_value": "100",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "151",
   "earlier_period": "2024",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/national-and-cyber-security/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.3",
   "sub_pillar": "National and cyber security",
   "indicator": "Rank on the Global Terrorism Index (independent index)",
   "latest_value": "13th of 163",
   "latest_period": "2026 edition",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/national-and-cyber-security/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.3",
   "sub_pillar": "National and cyber security",
   "indicator": "Cyber security incidents handled by CERT-In",
   "latest_value": "29.44 lakh",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/national-and-cyber-security/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.3",
   "sub_pillar": "National and cyber security",
   "indicator": "Money reported lost to cyber financial fraud (national cybercrime portal)",
   "latest_value": "Rs 55,050 crore",
   "latest_period": "2021-25 cumulative",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/national-and-cyber-security/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.4",
   "sub_pillar": "State capacity",
   "indicator": "World Bank Government Effectiveness score (-2.5 to 2.5)",
   "latest_value": "0.40",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "0.42",
   "earlier_period": "2023",
   "direction": "flat",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/state-capacity/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.4",
   "sub_pillar": "State capacity",
   "indicator": "Cumulative Direct Benefit Transfers (DBT Bharat)",
   "latest_value": "Rs 53.26 lakh crore",
   "latest_period": "Sept 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/state-capacity/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.4",
   "sub_pillar": "State capacity",
   "indicator": "UPI transactions in a month (NPCI)",
   "latest_value": "2,365.8 crore",
   "latest_period": "July 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/state-capacity/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.4",
   "sub_pillar": "State capacity",
   "indicator": "Years since the last population census (Registrar General)",
   "latest_value": "15 years, next reference date 1 March 2027",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/state-capacity/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Public finances and stable prices",
   "indicator": "Centre's fiscal deficit as a share of GDP (Union Budget)",
   "latest_value": "4.3%",
   "latest_period": "2026-27 BE",
   "earlier_value": "4.4%",
   "earlier_period": "2025-26 RE",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/public-finances-and-stable-prices/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Public finances and stable prices",
   "indicator": "Central government debt as a share of GDP (Union Budget)",
   "latest_value": "55.6%",
   "latest_period": "end 2026-27 BE",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/public-finances-and-stable-prices/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Public finances and stable prices",
   "indicator": "Average consumer price inflation (MoSPI via Economic Survey)",
   "latest_value": "1.7%",
   "latest_period": "Apr-Dec 2025",
   "earlier_value": "4.6%",
   "earlier_period": "2024-25",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/public-finances-and-stable-prices/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Public finances and stable prices",
   "indicator": "Core inflation, excluding food and fuel (Economic Survey)",
   "latest_value": "4.3%",
   "latest_period": "Apr-Dec 2025",
   "earlier_value": "3.5%",
   "earlier_period": "Apr-Dec 2024",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/public-finances-and-stable-prices/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Institutions and citizens' rights",
   "indicator": "High Court judgeships vacant (Department of Justice)",
   "latest_value": "325 of 1,122, 29%",
   "latest_period": "1 May 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/institutions-and-citizens-rights/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Institutions and citizens' rights",
   "indicator": "Voter turnout in the general election (Election Commission)",
   "latest_value": "65.79%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/institutions-and-citizens-rights/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Institutions and citizens' rights",
   "indicator": "Revenue of municipal corporations as a share of GDP (RBI)",
   "latest_value": "0.6%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/institutions-and-citizens-rights/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Institutions and citizens' rights",
   "indicator": "RTI appeals and complaints pending before information commissions (Satark Nagrik Sangathan, independent)",
   "latest_value": "3.85 lakh",
   "latest_period": "30 June 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/institutions-and-citizens-rights/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Institutions and citizens' rights",
   "indicator": "Rank on the World Press Freedom Index (RSF, independent)",
   "latest_value": "157th of 180",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/institutions-and-citizens-rights/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Digital rights and safety",
   "indicator": "Cyber crime cases registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "1,01,928",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "86,420",
   "earlier_period": "2023",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/digital-rights-and-safety/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Digital rights and safety",
   "indicator": "Money saved for fraud victims by freezing funds (I4C)",
   "latest_value": "Rs 11,158 crore",
   "latest_period": "to 30 June 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/digital-rights-and-safety/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Digital rights and safety",
   "indicator": "Internet shutdowns in India (Access Now, independent)",
   "latest_value": "65",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/digital-rights-and-safety/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 3,
   "pillar": "Governance",
   "sub_pillar_code": "3.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Digital rights and safety",
   "indicator": "Digital Personal Data Protection rules notified (MeitY)",
   "latest_value": "13 November 2025, 18-month rollout",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/governance/digital-rights-and-safety/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Incomes and quality jobs",
   "indicator": "Gross national income per person, Atlas method (World Bank)",
   "latest_value": "US$2,760",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/incomes-and-quality-jobs/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Incomes and quality jobs",
   "indicator": "Workers in a regular wage or salaried job (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "23.6%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/incomes-and-quality-jobs/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Incomes and quality jobs",
   "indicator": "Regular salaried employees with no social security benefit (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "53.4%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/incomes-and-quality-jobs/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Incomes and quality jobs",
   "indicator": "Unemployment rate, ages 15 and above (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "3.1%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/incomes-and-quality-jobs/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Incomes and quality jobs",
   "indicator": "Female labour force participation rate (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "40.0%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/incomes-and-quality-jobs/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Extreme poverty at the US$3.00-a-day line (World Bank)",
   "latest_value": "5.3%",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "27.1%",
   "earlier_period": "2011-12",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Poverty at the US$4.20-a-day line (World Bank via Economic Survey)",
   "latest_value": "23.9%",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Gini coefficient of rural consumption (HCES)",
   "latest_value": "0.237",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "0.266",
   "earlier_period": "2022-23",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Gini coefficient of urban consumption (HCES)",
   "latest_value": "0.284",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "0.314",
   "earlier_period": "2022-23",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Share of national income going to the top 10% (World Inequality Lab, independent)",
   "latest_value": "57.7%",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Poverty and inequality",
   "indicator": "Population covered by social protection (SDG national reporting)",
   "latest_value": "64.3%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "22%",
   "earlier_period": "2016",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/poverty-and-inequality/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Productivity and structural change",
   "indicator": "Workers in agriculture (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "43.0%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/productivity-and-structural-change/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Productivity and structural change",
   "indicator": "Manufacturing share of gross value added (MoSPI)",
   "latest_value": "14.8%",
   "latest_period": "2025-26",
   "earlier_value": "14.7%",
   "earlier_period": "2022-23",
   "direction": "flat",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/productivity-and-structural-change/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Productivity and structural change",
   "indicator": "Per capita income gap, richest to poorest large state (RBI)",
   "latest_value": "About 5.6x, Telangana to Bihar",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/productivity-and-structural-change/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Productivity and structural change",
   "indicator": "Real GDP growth (RBI Annual Report)",
   "latest_value": "7.3%",
   "latest_period": "2025-26",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/productivity-and-structural-change/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Agriculture and food",
   "indicator": "Average monthly income of an agricultural household (NSO)",
   "latest_value": "Rs 10,218",
   "latest_period": "2018-19",
   "earlier_value": "Rs 6,426",
   "earlier_period": "2012-13",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/agriculture-and-food/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Agriculture and food",
   "indicator": "Foodgrain production (Ministry of Agriculture)",
   "latest_value": "357.7 million tonnes",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "265 million tonnes",
   "earlier_period": "2013-14",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/agriculture-and-food/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Agriculture and food",
   "indicator": "Groundwater assessment units over-exploited (CGWB)",
   "latest_value": "10.8%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "17.2%",
   "earlier_period": "2017",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/agriculture-and-food/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Agriculture and food",
   "indicator": "Post-harvest loss of fruit (NABCONS study)",
   "latest_value": "6-15%",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/agriculture-and-food/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Trade and global competitiveness",
   "indicator": "Total exports of goods and services (Ministry of Commerce)",
   "latest_value": "US$863.1 billion",
   "latest_period": "2025-26",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/trade-and-global-competitiveness/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Trade and global competitiveness",
   "indicator": "Share of world merchandise exports (WTO via DGCI&S)",
   "latest_value": "1.8%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/trade-and-global-competitiveness/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Trade and global competitiveness",
   "indicator": "Share of world commercial services exports (WTO via DGCI&S)",
   "latest_value": "4.3%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/trade-and-global-competitiveness/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Trade and global competitiveness",
   "indicator": "International tourist arrivals (Ministry of Tourism)",
   "latest_value": "20.57 million",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "18.89 million",
   "earlier_period": "2023",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/trade-and-global-competitiveness/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Infrastructure",
   "indicator": "Average hours of electricity a day in rural India (Ministry of Power)",
   "latest_value": "22.6 hours",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "12.5 hours",
   "earlier_period": "2013-14",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/infrastructure/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Infrastructure",
   "indicator": "National highway network (MoRTH)",
   "latest_value": "1,46,572 km",
   "latest_period": "March 2026",
   "earlier_value": "91,287 km",
   "earlier_period": "2014",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/infrastructure/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Infrastructure",
   "indicator": "Rural teledensity (TRAI)",
   "latest_value": "60.5%",
   "latest_period": "March 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/infrastructure/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Infrastructure",
   "indicator": "Logistics Performance Index rank (World Bank)",
   "latest_value": "38th of 139",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "44th",
   "earlier_period": "2018",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/infrastructure/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Cities, towns and villages",
   "indicator": "City buses per lakh urban residents (CSE study, independent)",
   "latest_value": "13.3-13.8, against a benchmark of 44",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/cities-towns-and-villages/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Cities, towns and villages",
   "indicator": "Rural roads completed under PMGSY (Ministry of Rural Development)",
   "latest_value": "7,87,520 km",
   "latest_period": "Dec 2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/cities-towns-and-villages/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Cities, towns and villages",
   "indicator": "Rural households with a tap water connection (Jal Jeevan Mission)",
   "latest_value": "82.1%",
   "latest_period": "July 2026",
   "earlier_value": "16.7%",
   "earlier_period": "2019",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/cities-towns-and-villages/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.7",
   "sub_pillar": "Cities, towns and villages",
   "indicator": "Urban population living in slums (Census)",
   "latest_value": "17.4%",
   "latest_period": "2011",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/cities-towns-and-villages/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.8",
   "sub_pillar": "Housing and cost of living",
   "indicator": "Rural houses completed under PMAY-Gramin (Ministry of Rural Development)",
   "latest_value": "2.95 crore",
   "latest_period": "Feb 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/housing-and-cost-of-living/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.8",
   "sub_pillar": "Housing and cost of living",
   "indicator": "Urban houses completed under PMAY-Urban (MoHUA via PRS)",
   "latest_value": "96.65 lakh",
   "latest_period": "Jan 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/housing-and-cost-of-living/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.8",
   "sub_pillar": "Housing and cost of living",
   "indicator": "Estimated urban housing shortage (MoHUA; NITI Aayog committee)",
   "latest_value": "1.87 crore (2011 basis); 5-7 crore",
   "latest_period": "2025 estimate",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/housing-and-cost-of-living/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.8",
   "sub_pillar": "Housing and cost of living",
   "indicator": "Food's share of a rural household's monthly spending (HCES)",
   "latest_value": "About 47%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/housing-and-cost-of-living/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.9",
   "sub_pillar": "Financial security",
   "indicator": "Insurance penetration, premiums as a share of GDP (IRDAI)",
   "latest_value": "3.7%",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "3.7%",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "flat",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/financial-security/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.9",
   "sub_pillar": "Financial security",
   "indicator": "Household debt as a share of GDP (RBI)",
   "latest_value": "45.5%",
   "latest_period": "March 2026",
   "earlier_value": "Rising",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/financial-security/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.9",
   "sub_pillar": "Financial security",
   "indicator": "Adults who are financially literate (NCFE survey)",
   "latest_value": "27%",
   "latest_period": "2019",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/financial-security/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 4,
   "pillar": "Economy",
   "sub_pillar_code": "4.9",
   "sub_pillar": "Financial security",
   "indicator": "National financial inclusion index (RBI)",
   "latest_value": "70.0",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "43.4",
   "earlier_period": "2017",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 6,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/economy/financial-security/#src-6"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Open and fair markets",
   "indicator": "Average time to approve an insolvency resolution plan (IBBI)",
   "latest_value": "633 days, against a 330-day limit",
   "latest_period": "to June 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/open-and-fair-markets/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Open and fair markets",
   "indicator": "Creditor recovery as a share of admitted claims under the IBC (IBBI)",
   "latest_value": "30.52%",
   "latest_period": "to June 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/open-and-fair-markets/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Open and fair markets",
   "indicator": "Compliance requirements reduced by the Centre and states (DPIIT)",
   "latest_value": "47,000+",
   "latest_period": "Nov 2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/open-and-fair-markets/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Open and fair markets",
   "indicator": "Competition cases sent for investigation, final orders passed (CCI)",
   "latest_value": "49 referred, 11 decided",
   "latest_period": "2021-22 to 2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/open-and-fair-markets/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Open and fair markets",
   "indicator": "Rank on applied tariff rate, Global Innovation Index (WIPO)",
   "latest_value": "116th of 139",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/open-and-fair-markets/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Access to capital",
   "indicator": "Estimated MSME credit gap (Crisil via SIDBI)",
   "latest_value": "Rs 30 lakh crore",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/access-to-capital/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Access to capital",
   "indicator": "MSMEs with a formal loan (SIDBI survey)",
   "latest_value": "About 3 in 4",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/access-to-capital/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Access to capital",
   "indicator": "Startups recognised by DPIIT",
   "latest_value": "2,12,283",
   "latest_period": "31 Jan 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/access-to-capital/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Access to capital",
   "indicator": "Rank on late-stage venture capital deals, Global Innovation Index (WIPO)",
   "latest_value": "4th",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/access-to-capital/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Innovation and technology",
   "indicator": "Global Innovation Index rank (WIPO)",
   "latest_value": "38th of 139",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/innovation-and-technology/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Innovation and technology",
   "indicator": "Share of patent applications from Indian applicants (CGPDTM)",
   "latest_value": "61.79%",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "55.96%",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/innovation-and-technology/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Innovation and technology",
   "indicator": "Patents granted (CGPDTM)",
   "latest_value": "33,504",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "1,03,057",
   "earlier_period": "2023-24",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/innovation-and-technology/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Innovation and technology",
   "indicator": "Gross expenditure on R&D as a share of GDP (DST)",
   "latest_value": "0.64%",
   "latest_period": "2020-21",
   "earlier_value": "Falling since 2009-10",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/innovation-and-technology/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Entrepreneurial culture",
   "indicator": "Adults who see opportunities but say fear of failure would stop them (GEM India, independent)",
   "latest_value": "62.8%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/entrepreneurial-culture/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Entrepreneurial culture",
   "indicator": "Total early-stage entrepreneurial activity (GEM India, independent)",
   "latest_value": "12.0% of adults",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/entrepreneurial-culture/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Entrepreneurial culture",
   "indicator": "Adults intending to start a business within three years (GEM India, independent)",
   "latest_value": "19.5%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/entrepreneurial-culture/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Entrepreneurial culture",
   "indicator": "Recognised startups from Tier II and Tier III cities (DPIIT)",
   "latest_value": "About 50%",
   "latest_period": "Jan 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/entrepreneurial-culture/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Consumer protection",
   "indicator": "Consumer cases filed and disposed (Department of Consumer Affairs)",
   "latest_value": "1,62,896 filed, 1,50,581 disposed",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "Filings also ahead of disposals in 2024",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/consumer-protection/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Consumer protection",
   "indicator": "State commission cases pending over three years (India Justice Report, independent)",
   "latest_value": "35% or more",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/consumer-protection/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Consumer protection",
   "indicator": "National Consumer Helpline complaints a month",
   "latest_value": "1,11,951",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "37,062",
   "earlier_period": "2017",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/consumer-protection/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 5,
   "pillar": "Enterprise",
   "sub_pillar_code": "5.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Consumer protection",
   "indicator": "Spam complaints to telecom operators in a month (TRAI; DoT)",
   "latest_value": "3.34 lakh",
   "latest_period": "Dec 2025",
   "earlier_value": "1.48 lakh",
   "earlier_period": "Jan 2025",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/enterprise/consumer-protection/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Personal integrity",
   "indicator": "Corruption Perceptions Index rank (Transparency International, independent)",
   "latest_value": "91st of 182, score 39",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "96th",
   "earlier_period": "2024",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/personal-integrity/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Personal integrity",
   "indicator": "Public service users who paid a bribe in the past year (TI Global Corruption Barometer, independent)",
   "latest_value": "39%",
   "latest_period": "2020",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/personal-integrity/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Personal integrity",
   "indicator": "Businesses reporting bribe payments (LocalCircles survey, independent)",
   "latest_value": "66%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/personal-integrity/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Personal integrity",
   "indicator": "Income tax returns filed (Income Tax Department)",
   "latest_value": "7.8 crore",
   "latest_period": "AY 2026-27, to 31 Aug 2026",
   "earlier_value": "7.3 crore",
   "earlier_period": "AY 2025-26",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/personal-integrity/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Civic sense and participation",
   "indicator": "Voter turnout in the general election (Election Commission)",
   "latest_value": "65.79%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "67.40%",
   "earlier_period": "2019",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/civic-sense-and-participation/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Civic sense and participation",
   "indicator": "Rural adults attending gram sabha meetings (NCAER survey via Ideas for India)",
   "latest_value": "13%",
   "latest_period": "2006-08, last national measure",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/civic-sense-and-participation/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Civic sense and participation",
   "indicator": "Citizens giving feedback in Swachh Survekshan (MoHUA)",
   "latest_value": "About 14 crore",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/civic-sense-and-participation/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Civic sense and participation",
   "indicator": "Deaths on India's roads (MoRTH)",
   "latest_value": "1,72,890",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/civic-sense-and-participation/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Trust",
   "indicator": "People who say most people can be trusted (Ipsos, independent, online sample)",
   "latest_value": "56%",
   "latest_period": "2022",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/trust/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Trust",
   "indicator": "Urban Indians trusting the defence forces / the police (Ipsos India, independent)",
   "latest_value": "56% / 37%",
   "latest_period": "March 2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/trust/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Trust",
   "indicator": "Net trust in government officials (Azim Premji University and Lokniti-CSDS)",
   "latest_value": "4.8%",
   "latest_period": "2018",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/trust/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Trust",
   "indicator": "Online news users who trust most news (Reuters Institute, independent)",
   "latest_value": "39%",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "Lowest in eleven years of the survey",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/trust/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Public discourse",
   "indicator": "Online news users who trust most news (Reuters Institute, independent)",
   "latest_value": "39%",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "Lowest in eleven years of the survey",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/public-discourse/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Public discourse",
   "indicator": "Online news users concerned about what is real and fake online (Reuters Institute)",
   "latest_value": "58%",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/public-discourse/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Public discourse",
   "indicator": "Adults who say religious diversity benefits India (Pew Research Center, independent)",
   "latest_value": "53%",
   "latest_period": "2019-20",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/public-discourse/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Public discourse",
   "indicator": "World Press Freedom Index rank (RSF, independent)",
   "latest_value": "157th of 180",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/public-discourse/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Passing on values",
   "indicator": "Young people aged 15-34 preferring a government job (Lokniti-CSDS Youth Survey)",
   "latest_value": "60%",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/passing-on-values/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Passing on values",
   "indicator": "Young people preferring self-employment (Lokniti-CSDS Youth Survey)",
   "latest_value": "27%",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "16%",
   "earlier_period": "2007",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/passing-on-values/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Passing on values",
   "indicator": "Unpaid caregiving time a day, women / men (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "137 / 75 minutes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/passing-on-values/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Passing on values",
   "indicator": "Time a day on socialising, community and religious activity (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "125 minutes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "130 minutes",
   "earlier_period": "2019",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/passing-on-values/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Wellbeing and purpose",
   "indicator": "World Happiness Report rank (independent, Gallup World Poll)",
   "latest_value": "116th of 147",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "118th (2025); 140th",
   "earlier_period": "2020",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/wellbeing-and-purpose/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Wellbeing and purpose",
   "indicator": "Average life evaluation, out of 10 (World Happiness Report)",
   "latest_value": "4.54",
   "latest_period": "2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/wellbeing-and-purpose/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Wellbeing and purpose",
   "indicator": "Adults who say religion is very important in their lives (Pew Research Center)",
   "latest_value": "84%",
   "latest_period": "2019-20",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/wellbeing-and-purpose/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 6,
   "pillar": "Values",
   "sub_pillar_code": "6.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Wellbeing and purpose",
   "indicator": "Deaths by suicide (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "1,71,418",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/values/wellbeing-and-purpose/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Family, children and elders",
   "indicator": "Total fertility rate, children per woman (SRS)",
   "latest_value": "1.9",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/family-children-and-elders/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Family, children and elders",
   "indicator": "Women aged 20-24 married before 18 (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "20.1%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "23.3%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/family-children-and-elders/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Family, children and elders",
   "indicator": "Crimes against children registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "1,87,702",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "Up 5.9% on 2023",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/family-children-and-elders/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Family, children and elders",
   "indicator": "Crimes against senior citizens registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "Up 16.9% on 2023",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/family-children-and-elders/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Family, children and elders",
   "indicator": "People aged 60 and above living alone (LASI Wave 1)",
   "latest_value": "5.7%",
   "latest_period": "2017-18 fieldwork",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 6,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/family-children-and-elders/#src-6"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Women's participation and safety",
   "indicator": "Female labour force participation rate, ages 15 and above (PLFS)",
   "latest_value": "40.0%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/women-s-participation-and-safety/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Women's participation and safety",
   "indicator": "Unpaid domestic work a day, women / men who do it (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "289 / 88 minutes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/women-s-participation-and-safety/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Women's participation and safety",
   "indicator": "Sex ratio at birth, girls per 1,000 boys (SRS)",
   "latest_value": "917",
   "latest_period": "2021-23",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/women-s-participation-and-safety/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Women's participation and safety",
   "indicator": "Married women aged 18-49 who experienced spousal violence (NFHS)",
   "latest_value": "22.3%",
   "latest_period": "2023-24",
   "earlier_value": "29.2%",
   "earlier_period": "2019-21",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/women-s-participation-and-safety/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Women's participation and safety",
   "indicator": "Crimes against women registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "4.41 lakh",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "Down 1.5% on 2023",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/women-s-participation-and-safety/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Social fairness",
   "indicator": "Upward educational mobility of children from the bottom half (academic study)",
   "latest_value": "Flat since before 1991",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "flat",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/social-fairness/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Social fairness",
   "indicator": "Crimes against Scheduled Castes registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "55,698",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "Down 3.6% on 2023",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/social-fairness/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Social fairness",
   "indicator": "Crimes against Scheduled Tribes registered (NCRB)",
   "latest_value": "9,966",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "Down 23.1% on 2023",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/social-fairness/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Social fairness",
   "indicator": "Communal or religious rioting cases registered (NCRB via MHA)",
   "latest_value": "378",
   "latest_period": "2021, last official count",
   "earlier_value": "857",
   "earlier_period": "2020",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/social-fairness/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Social fairness",
   "indicator": "Adults who say religious diversity benefits India (Pew Research Center, independent)",
   "latest_value": "53%",
   "latest_period": "2019-20",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/social-fairness/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Community and belonging",
   "indicator": "World Giving Index rank (CAF, independent)",
   "latest_value": "26th of 142, score 48",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/community-and-belonging/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Community and belonging",
   "indicator": "Adults who helped a stranger in the past month (CAF World Giving Index)",
   "latest_value": "65%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/community-and-belonging/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Community and belonging",
   "indicator": "Time a day on socialising, community and religious activity (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "125 minutes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "130 minutes",
   "earlier_period": "2019",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/community-and-belonging/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Community and belonging",
   "indicator": "Time a day on unpaid volunteer work (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "About 1 minute",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "About 2 minutes",
   "earlier_period": "2019",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/community-and-belonging/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Community and belonging",
   "indicator": "People aged 60 and above living alone (LASI Wave 1)",
   "latest_value": "5.7%",
   "latest_period": "2017-18 fieldwork",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/community-and-belonging/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Migration and the diaspora",
   "indicator": "Indians who are migrants from their last usual residence (PLFS migration module)",
   "latest_value": "28.9%",
   "latest_period": "2020-21",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/migration-and-the-diaspora/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Migration and the diaspora",
   "indicator": "Overseas Indians (Ministry of External Affairs)",
   "latest_value": "3.73 crore",
   "latest_period": "Jan 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/migration-and-the-diaspora/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Migration and the diaspora",
   "indicator": "Remittances received (RBI)",
   "latest_value": "US$135.46 billion",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "Up 14% on 2023-24",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/migration-and-the-diaspora/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Migration and the diaspora",
   "indicator": "Indians working abroad (UN migration data)",
   "latest_value": "1.85 crore",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "66 lakh",
   "earlier_period": "1990",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/migration-and-the-diaspora/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Culture, heritage and languages",
   "indicator": "Languages recorded in the Census",
   "latest_value": "121",
   "latest_period": "2011, last count",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/culture-heritage-and-languages/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Culture, heritage and languages",
   "indicator": "Indian properties on UNESCO's World Heritage List",
   "latest_value": "44",
   "latest_period": "July 2025",
   "earlier_value": "43 before the July 2025 inscription",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/culture-heritage-and-languages/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Culture, heritage and languages",
   "indicator": "Medals at the Asian Games (Indian Olympic Association)",
   "latest_value": "107",
   "latest_period": "Hangzhou 2023",
   "earlier_value": "First time above 100",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/culture-heritage-and-languages/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 7,
   "pillar": "Family and Society",
   "sub_pillar_code": "7.6",
   "sub_pillar": "Culture, heritage and languages",
   "indicator": "Time a day on culture, leisure, media and sport (Time Use Survey)",
   "latest_value": "171 minutes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/family-and-society/culture-heritage-and-languages/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Air and water",
   "indicator": "Delhi's annual average PM2.5, micrograms per cubic metre (MoEFCC)",
   "latest_value": "102 (2025-26), standard 40",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/air-and-water/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Air and water",
   "indicator": "NCAP cities meeting the PM10 standard (MoEFCC)",
   "latest_value": "14 of 130",
   "latest_period": "2025-26",
   "earlier_value": "6",
   "earlier_period": "2017-18",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/air-and-water/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Air and water",
   "indicator": "Districts breaching the annual PM2.5 standard (CREA satellite analysis, independent)",
   "latest_value": "447 of 749",
   "latest_period": "Mar 2024-Feb 2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/air-and-water/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Air and water",
   "indicator": "Polluted river stretches (CPCB)",
   "latest_value": "296",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "351",
   "earlier_period": "2018",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/air-and-water/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.1",
   "sub_pillar": "Air and water",
   "indicator": "Groundwater assessment units over-exploited (CGWB)",
   "latest_value": "10.8%",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "17.2%",
   "earlier_period": "2017",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/air-and-water/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Energy",
   "indicator": "Non-fossil share of installed power capacity (Ministry of Power)",
   "latest_value": "51.4%",
   "latest_period": "31 Oct 2025",
   "earlier_value": "Crossed 50% in June 2025",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/energy/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Energy",
   "indicator": "Average hours of electricity a day in rural India (Ministry of Power)",
   "latest_value": "22.6 hours",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "12.5 hours",
   "earlier_period": "2013-14",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/energy/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Energy",
   "indicator": "Households using clean cooking fuel (NFHS-5; not measured in NFHS-6)",
   "latest_value": "58.6%",
   "latest_period": "2019-21",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/energy/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.2",
   "sub_pillar": "Energy",
   "indicator": "Carbon dioxide emissions per person (Global Carbon Project)",
   "latest_value": "2.2 tonnes",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 5,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/energy/#src-5"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Waste and consumption",
   "indicator": "Urban municipal solid waste processed (MoHUA)",
   "latest_value": "80.17%",
   "latest_period": "2024",
   "earlier_value": "16%",
   "earlier_period": "2014",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/waste-and-consumption/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Waste and consumption",
   "indicator": "Legacy dumpsites fully remediated (Swachh Bharat Mission Urban)",
   "latest_value": "1,138 of about 2,479",
   "latest_period": "Jan 2026",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/waste-and-consumption/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Waste and consumption",
   "indicator": "Plastic waste generated (CPCB)",
   "latest_value": "41.36 lakh tonnes",
   "latest_period": "2022-23",
   "earlier_value": "33.6 lakh tonnes",
   "earlier_period": "2018-19",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/waste-and-consumption/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.3",
   "sub_pillar": "Waste and consumption",
   "indicator": "Waste recycled under Extended Producer Responsibility (MoEFCC)",
   "latest_value": "About 375 lakh tonnes",
   "latest_period": "to Dec 2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/waste-and-consumption/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Land, forests and biodiversity",
   "indicator": "Forest and tree cover (India State of Forest Report)",
   "latest_value": "25.17% of land",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "Up 1,445 sq km since 2021",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/land-forests-and-biodiversity/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Land, forests and biodiversity",
   "indicator": "Mangrove cover (India State of Forest Report)",
   "latest_value": "4,992 sq km",
   "latest_period": "2023",
   "earlier_value": "Down 7.43 sq km since 2021",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/land-forests-and-biodiversity/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Land, forests and biodiversity",
   "indicator": "Share of land degraded (ISRO atlas)",
   "latest_value": "29.7%",
   "latest_period": "2018-19",
   "earlier_value": "28.76%",
   "earlier_period": "2003-05",
   "direction": "worsening",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/land-forests-and-biodiversity/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Land, forests and biodiversity",
   "indicator": "Wild tigers (Wildlife Institute of India)",
   "latest_value": "3,682",
   "latest_period": "2022",
   "earlier_value": "Growing 6.1% a year",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/land-forests-and-biodiversity/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.4",
   "sub_pillar": "Land, forests and biodiversity",
   "indicator": "Ramsar wetlands designated (MoEFCC)",
   "latest_value": "96",
   "latest_period": "end-2025",
   "earlier_value": "11 added in 2025",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "improving",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/land-forests-and-biodiversity/#src-4"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Climate and disaster resilience",
   "indicator": "Deaths in hydro-meteorological disasters (Ministry of Home Affairs)",
   "latest_value": "2,803",
   "latest_period": "2024-25",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 1,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/climate-and-disaster-resilience/#src-1"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Climate and disaster resilience",
   "indicator": "Deaths from heat or sun stroke (NCRB series)",
   "latest_value": "730",
   "latest_period": "2022",
   "earlier_value": "1,216 (2013); peak 1,908",
   "earlier_period": "2015",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 2,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/climate-and-disaster-resilience/#src-2"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Climate and disaster resilience",
   "indicator": "States with Heat Action Plans in force (Ministry of Earth Sciences)",
   "latest_value": "23",
   "latest_period": "2025",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 3,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/climate-and-disaster-resilience/#src-3"
  },
  {
   "pillar_number": 8,
   "pillar": "Nature",
   "sub_pillar_code": "8.5",
   "sub_pillar": "Climate and disaster resilience",
   "indicator": "Official counts of heatwave deaths, 2000-2020 (NCRB / NDMA / IMD)",
   "latest_value": "20,615 / 17,767 / 10,545",
   "latest_period": "",
   "earlier_value": "",
   "earlier_period": "",
   "direction": "baseline_only",
   "source_number": 4,
   "source_url": "https://47bh.org/pillars/nature/climate-and-disaster-resilience/#src-4"
  }
 ]
}